The SchistoFilter card: from napkin sketch to field-ready
For months we tried to trap schistosome eggs in microfluidic channels, wedges, and staircases. Then we asked a simpler question: what about just filtering them?
Trapping designs kept running into the same walls: seals that leaked, thick parts that didn’t fit the Foldscope’s short focal length, and glass slides as a consumable. So we sketched it the other way around. Push urine through a screen, load the screen into a Foldscope, and look at what it caught. Could the filter itself be reusable? What are the advantages of filtering and viewing, as opposed to trapping and viewing?

First, nylon
Our first mesh was 20-micron nylon, borrowed from a trick Dr. Lee’s lab uses to filter cercariae (the full story is in A simpler schisto filter). It was easy to cut, but hard to combine with a layered 3D print. And a mesh with multiple layers gives eggs more places to get caught out of view.

Stainless steel, and a pizza oven
In late June, a group of us spent a day at TXRX Labs, a Houston makerspace, brainstorming a durable filter that would work with the origami microscope. The idea: insert a thin card with an embedded disc filter into a flow-through device that receives a Luer syringe and seals with an O-ring. First, we needed a thin, small stainless-steel disc.




Back to the drawing board — literally — as we tried to stay true to our key constraints: the Foldscope’s back focal length of about 0.6 mm; a total thickness of roughly 1 to 1.5 mm; durable; few leaks.



Push, load, look
The simplest version won. The SchistoFilter became a card: push urine through a small stainless-steel screen with a syringe, cover it, slide it into the Foldscope, and look for eggs. The goal was reusable parts that are easy to assemble and use.


The whole kit
One 10 mL Luer syringe
To push the urine sample through the screen.
One filter card
Laser-cut, with a stainless-steel mesh window.
One 0.5 mm acrylic cover
A flexible, shatterproof stand-in for a glass coverslip.
Two paperclips
To hold the cover in place.
A Foldscope
And any phone with a camera.
Two CHEWs, two conditions
This is the version we carried to Nigeria in July. At each screening table, two community health extension workers read every sample under two conditions (the reusable SchistoFilter, and the Foldscope assessment), while the gold-standard sample was collected first, so every result could be checked against it.


How did it do? You can read the field results here, and a year later, version 2.0 passed its first formal lab validation.
Frugal science runs on simple ideas
Months of clever trapping designs collapsed into a card, a screen, and two paperclips. Thank you for funding the messy middle that got us there.


